The Tale of the Violetpresentation on the world around us

Stone gate

We highlighted this object because (in our opinion) it deserves special attention.

This structure is a flat stone rotating around its axis, 2.4 meters high, 2 meters wide, 50 cm thick and weighing 8.2 tons (according to other sources, 9 tons).

This gate is the most famous exhibit of the unusual museum. The massive door rotates around its axis, passing just a few millimeters from the walls. The gates used to be so well balanced that even a child could turn them with one finger.

Stone gate

The secret of the perfectly balanced gate axis and the ease with which it rotated was only revealed in 1986. Then the stone door broke for the first time.

It took 6 people and a 50-ton crane to repair it. Once the gate was removed, engineers discovered that Leedskalnin had drilled a hole through the stone and inserted a metal shaft that rested on an old truck bearing. It rusted and jammed, causing the gate to break. They started working again on July 23, 1986, but needed repairs again in 2005.

Despite the work carried out, the gate still rotates much more difficult than initially.

Beautiful varieties of double violets

Terry violets differ in the shape of their petals. They have unusual lush endings of flower buds. Wavy and fluffy edges create terry, softness and vagueness of clear outlines. The flowers look like one lush bud of unknown volume. Among the varieties there are popular ones, often chosen by housewives. Varieties of terry violets:

1. EK-Nautilus. Semi-double variety with a delicate summer sky color. White shades merge with blue. Blue stripes move from the center and end with waves of white petal tips. The variety is unpretentious and does not require special growing conditions. Author – E. Korshunova.
2. AB-Caramels. The variety is semi-double and double. Coloring: striped. Crimson, white, and purple stripes change. The drawing is very impressive.
3. Spring rose. The snow-white terry violet blooms so profusely that on the green leaves it resembles a delicate bridal bouquet.
4. Silver Romance. The variety is multi-colored, and the shades are so contrasting that it seems they cannot be combined on one petal. Against the background of dark leaves, the light green fringe looks amazing. In the center of the double buds there are white and pink colors.
5. Rosemary. The terry beauty has an unusual coloring: onto a delicate white background, strokes of bright pink are carelessly applied and blue paints are splashed.

EK-Nautilus

When and how was Coral Castle built?

Construction of this surreal piece of architecture began in 1920. Then Leedskalninsh purchased a 4-acre plot of land for $12 in the Florida City area. All work took place only at night and in secrecy. Edward had no assistants. No one ever saw him move the huge blocks of stone from the Gulf Coast or whether he took them from there.

Interesting fact - The material from which most of Leedskalnin's creations are made (that same oolite) is often found in south Florida. And not only on the coast, but also literally a few centimeters under the soil layer. In addition, it is a stone with very sharp edges that can easily damage your hands.

How he processed and, most importantly, how he alone (and you remember his build) moved colossal blocks is also unknown. To all questions about how he did it, Edward answered that he had revealed the secret of the construction of the Egyptian pyramids. But he didn’t want to share his discovery.

Interesting fact - The eccentric creator himself called his work Rock Gate Park. The name Coral Castle (respectively Coral Castle) appeared later.

Work continued until 1936. But suddenly they plan to build a multi-storey building next door to it. Lindskalninsh is forced to buy another piece of land a little further north, in the city of Homestead, and... move his work to a new location.

Once again, no one saw how he managed to load and unload the trucks. The complete move of the castle took 3 years.

Once again, work began to boil and continued until Edward’s death in 1951. In total, he worked on the castle for 28 years.

The further fate of the castle

After Edward's death, the castle became the property of his nephew. But after 2 years he sold it to jeweler Julius Levin. Nothing noteworthy happened to the Castle until 1981, when it was acquired by the Coral Castle company.

Since then, a museum has been organized in the Castle, which has become a popular tourist destination in Florida. Today this company is the owner of Coral Castle.

In 1984, the Castle was included in the list of historical landmarks of the United States of America.

Theories and mysteries of the Coral Castle

The appearance of this extraordinary attraction is associated with many guesses, theories and assumptions, both scientific and fantastic. We will try to present them all. But it’s up to you to believe in them or not.

• One version suggests that Edward punched holes in the stone slabs and placed highly heated car shock absorbers there. Then he poured ice water on them, and the shock absorbers tore the slab

According to another version, he used a special effect of electromagnetic resonance. Rumor has it that an unknown device was found on the territory of the castle, with the help of which Edward received a special electromagnetic field and reduced the weight of giant monoliths to virtually zero

• Ray Stoner, author of the book “The Mystery of Coral Castle,” proposed his theory. He claims that Leedskalnin controlled gravity. Ray believed that the Earth was covered by an invisible energy network, and at the intersection points of its “force lines” an energy field appeared that could easily move the most massive objects. Stoner thought that one of these points was located in Florida, in the place where the castle was built. That is why it was possible to control gravity here, creating the effect of levitation. Several teenagers claimed to have seen Leedskalninsh making stone blocks move like balloons.
• There are other versions. For example, that Edward had supernatural abilities to control natural forces.
• Someone said that torsion fields were used in construction.
• Others claimed that the castle was built using sound vibrations.
• Ufologists are confident that the castle was built at the UFO landing site.

But all this is just speculation. The author of the extraordinary attraction himself did not reveal a single secret. He replied that he knew the secret of creating pyramids.

Edward published 5 small books. The most famous of them are “Life of Minerals, Plants and Animals”, “Magnetic Flux” and “Magnetic Basis”. These books are studied by scientists in the hope that the author left in them the key to his secrets.

For example, in the book “Magnetic Flux” it is written: A magnet is a substance that constantly circulates in metals. But every particle in this substance is itself a tiny magnet. They are so small that there are no barriers for them. It is even easier for them to pass through metal than through air. Magnets are in constant motion. If this movement is channeled in the right direction, you can get a source of enormous energy...

Edward claimed that he was cured of tuberculosis with the help of magnets, supposedly they had an effect on the disease.

There are suggestions that all stone structures were simply made of concrete, which was poured into certain forms.

Edward himself, either jokingly or seriously, spoke about the use of a “perpetual motion machine.” He also stated "It's not hard if you know HOW."

No matter what anyone says, the secret of building the Coral Castle is still unknown.

What types of pink and red violets are there?

Coral, raspberry, and cherry violets will find their place in any interior. They will become bright points among light warm shades. Red flowers are similar in palette to wine, fruits and berries.

1. Georgia. A variety of magical beauty of fairy-tale creatures. Along the edges of the pink petals there is a thin green fringe. The result is an extraordinary light of gold, glitter, and sunshine. In front of the gold edges there is a clear border of purple tone. The flower stalks are powerful, so the bud is strong and voluminous.
2. Queen Sabrina. The terry variety has a voluminous shape with frills on the petals. There is a blue stripe running down the middle of the sheet, which divides it into two parts or draws pale stripes.
3. Marquise. The buds are delicate with a clear, pronounced pattern. The edging is of two tones: the edges are white, and the frames of the petals are dark blue. The main color is soft pink.
4. Cinnamon ruffles. The wavy buds are dark red and bright. The color is set off by white edges and narrow fringe. The inflorescences adjoin each other in a dense carpet. The foliage is dark, practically gray, so the red tone becomes even brighter.
5. Magdalene. Terry rosettes have the shape of a ball. Twisted petals create a voluminous bouquet of a delicate pink shade that is the same throughout the entire ball.
6. Hot Spot. Bright inflorescences cover the greenery in a dense ball. The edges of the petals are finely striated and wavy.
7. RS-God of the sun. The variety is similar to cherry. Delicate red leaves are combined into a solid bouquet with white edging on the edges.

Coral Castle in tourism

This tourist attraction is now privately owned. About 100,000 people visit it every year.

Schedule

The Coral Castle is available for visits according to the following schedule: Sunday - Thursday from 9:00 to 18:00 Friday and Saturday from 9:00 to 19:00

Cost of visit

Adults under 64 and children over 13 years old - $18 Adults over 65 years old - $15 Children from 7 to 12 years old - $8 Children under 6 years old - free

Coral Castle is available for a variety of events, from birthday parties to wedding ceremonies.

Address: 28655 South Dixie Highway, Miami, FL 33033

An interesting fact is that Edward Leedskalnin himself charged 10 cents for excursions around his Castle.

Large-flowered violets

general description

For easier orientation in the world of violets, they were divided into several groups. If you are not interested in violet growing professionally, then you can distinguish three main groups:

• industrial;
• variegated;
• collectible (exhibition).

It is the collection group that is characterized by large inflorescences with flower sizes from 5 to 7 cm, and especially large ones more than 7 cm. Their difference from other groups is that almost all types of collection violets have large double flowers of a wide color spectrum. Also, their leaves have a variety of colors and stand out with their wavy shape.

In addition to the collection group, large-flowered violets also include garden species (Wittrock), characterized by a highly branched compact or semi-spreading form, with flowers up to 10 cm in diameter.

Top 10 varieties with a brief description

Selecting the ten largest-flowered violets is very problematic due to their large number. In addition, the size of the flower largely depends on the growing conditions and care for them.

J. Munk selection

“Apache Magic” - Huge, semi-double, orchid-shaped flowers of dark purple color. The edges of the petals are strongly wavy with a pencil-interrupted white border. Dark green, white and pink “show” foliage. Slightly wavy and jagged. The sheet plate is corrugated and quite large in size. It is characterized by a colorful, especially pronounced variegated foliage of a creamy-pink hue. The rich color of the flowers can, in some growing conditions, take on a dark purple, almost black color. Abundant flowering.

S. Sorano selection

“Arctic Frost” is an exemplary violet in terms of size, flower and rosette shape, with very large semi-double snow-white flowers - a star. The rosette is also not small, but it is worth it, giving out such unimaginable exemplary beauty. The flowers are simply huge, 7-9 cm in size, either simple or semi-double, snow-white in color with an intermittent blue border. The blue color of the border, depending on the growing temperature, may occupy a larger or smaller area of ​​the petal. The foliage is large, the peduncles are strong, it blooms profusely, resembling a lush cloud.

Selection by D. Denisenko

“Dn-Fleur” is a highlight variety. The opening of the flower appears as a monochromatic light fantasy, which stretches as it grows, with the appearance of a dark lilac edging. The flowers are quite large in the lilac spectrum, simple or semi-double stars. The leaf is dark green, jagged, quilted, with a red underside. The peculiarity of the variety is that each flower is individual, with its own unique color, which includes all kinds of strokes, dashes and the size of a white fantasy on a lilac background. Has long cap flowering.

Selection LLG/P.Sorano

“Music Box Dancer” - under 8 cm, two-tone, semi- or terry pale pink stars. The pink color gradually turns into a white border. Green, spoon-shaped, medium-sized, upturned foliage. Quite a large and clumsy socket. Long petioles and uplifted foliage take up a lot of space. Flowering is very abundant, especially the first one. But, large flowers and a bouquet appear after the third flowering, which is quite long, on average about 3 months. Prefers to be grown in cooler conditions.

Violet Breeder selection

“AV-Polar Bear” - Quite large, under 7-8 cm, densely double flowers, reminiscent of large white balls. The leaf is green, quilted, slightly wavy in shape. Peduncles are strong and rather large. The multi-layered nature of the flower is admirable. Depending on growing conditions and care, they may have a slight pinkish tint on a white background. As violet growers say about the size of a flower - “A bear is a bear.”

"AB-Mother's Heart" - very large, up to 10 cm, simple and semi-double, with a wavy white border, dark purple star flowers. The leaves are medium green, not much wavy, standard. The socket is compact in size, smooth and neat. Under good growing conditions, the flowers are dark red-burgundy in color, with a pencil white stripe along the edge of the petals. The compact rosette does not allow the placement of a large number of buds, but it accommodates many flower stalks. Visually, cap flowering is visible after 4-5 flowers have bloomed. Flowering is about a month, frequent and constant.

Selection by K. Morev

“Wedding bouquet” - snow-white, huge, double, multi-layered star flowers, with a slightly corrugated border, sometimes having a greenish tint. The leaves are all even, standard size, green and glossy. The rosette is semi-miniature, smooth, self-growing. Flowering is abundant, wave-like, loosely bouquet. The variety is considered one of the best white-flowered Saintpaulia species. There are two types - with rounded and pointed leaves. With rounded foliage they are more demanding to care for.

Selection by Korshunova E.

“EK-Blue-Eyed Russia” is a numerous winner of various international exhibitions. Semi- and double pale blue stars, with slightly elongated and wavy petals, along the edges of which a purple edging stands out. Exhibition green rosette with pointed leaves. The rosette is large and self-developing. The flower reaches a size of 7 cm and stays on the peduncle for up to 5 weeks. Cap flowering is regular and long-lasting. Like all varieties selected by E. Korshunova, it prefers a good substrate and coolness. If this is observed, then the border appears.

“EK-Fireworks” is an interesting fiery coral color with a purple coating and a border of the same shade. Slightly elongated and pointed dark green leaves, red on the underside. The leaves grow slowly on a rather loose rosette. The flowers are large, reaching 6.5-7 cm and changing color intensity as they grow. Many buds are formed on strong peduncles, which do not bloom together. It is not fussy about care and produces quite a lot of babies. Loves the summer season and the sun's rays.

Viola Wittrock “Colossus” / COLOSSUS F1

A specially bred series to produce violas with flowers that are gigantic by the standards of violets. Compact peduncles form a flower well even in fairly hot climates. Blooms well in spring and autumn, does not grow tall. Looks impressive and beautiful in the garden in different areas. Grows well in cassettes. Retains a beautiful presentation for a long time. Color - tricolor.

Botanical description of violets

Violets are a perennial plant; they can be found in natural conditions or grown at home. The varieties have similar structural characteristics, allowing them to be considered a single group with diverse varieties. About a thousand species are known.

1. Regular. The petals are arranged in one row, the pattern is clear and correctly outlined.
2. Terry. The petals are arranged in several rows, one above one.
3. Semi-double. In the center, not fully formed petals are formed, giving additional splendor to the bud.

Plants can be plain, painted in one specific tone, without a pattern or pattern. Others have a fancy coloring of mixed colors. Bright lines, stripes, blotches, spots decorate the petals.

Varieties of violets (video)

Structural features

The root structure is common and uniform among the varieties. It is strong, voluminous and woody. Other features:

• shortened stem;
• dense leaves;
• basal greenery and peduncle;
• leaves have a round shape;
• the buds consist of 5 petals.

The structure of violets allows them to be of different sizes: miniature, medium and large. Moreover, this applies to inflorescences and foliage.

Flowering period

They begin to please the owners in the spring. At this time, the first buds appear. Gradually, the violet becomes covered with a pattern that makes it difficult to take your eyes off. Flowering lasts until late autumn. The flowers then form seed pods. The grains will help propagate the species you like.

We also recommend reading:

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Purple inflorescences were considered a symbol of tender love

Features of care

Nuances of conditions of detention

There are no special conditions for growing the bulk of large-flowered violets. The main and most important requirements are the size of the pot, the quality and composition of the soil, lighting, temperature, choice of fertilizing and compliance with the watering regime. Only some species prefer a slight decrease in temperature for a more saturated flower color or bud formation.

How to water correctly?

One of the main components of successful cultivation of large-flowered Saintpaulia species is compliance with the correct watering regime. Like almost all types of violets, large-flowered ones are afraid of drying out and waterlogging of the soil. Therefore, you should not overdo it with watering.

The frequency and volume of watering depends on several factors:

• season;
• age condition;
• the size of the container in relation to the size of the plant;
• temperature and humidity in the growing room;
• quantity and saturation of lighting;
• quality and composition of the soil.

On average, according to the recommendations of experienced gardeners, watering is done 2-3 times a week in the summer and once a week in the winter.

Do not forget about the quality of water for irrigation. It should be clean, soft and warm.

Lighting

The duration of daylight hours should be about 12 hours per day. But, in this case, you should avoid direct sunlight on the plant, and provide diffused light. If it is impossible to provide the flower with this amount of daylight, it is better to use additional light sources, such as phytolamps.

Nature of feeding

Additional nutrition depends on the growing season and the structure of the leaf blades. At each phase of the growing season, a certain composition of fertilizers should be applied. For large-flowered specimens, additional nutrition occupies a special place. For full flowering of flowers of this size, the necessary composition of fertilizers, both organic and mineral, containing a full range of necessary micro- and macroelements, should be applied in a timely manner.

The soil of a newly transplanted violet becomes depleted approximately a couple of months after transplantation. From this moment on, you should add the entire complex of substances necessary for the plant for full development, growth and flowering. In addition to the complex of basic elements - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the ratio NPK: 20:20:20, the composition should also include trace elements: Ca, Fe, Mg, Mo, B, Na, Cu, Z and S.

The first nutrition is applied in the spring after the plant awakens. During this period, complexes with a high nitrogen content are used. In the phase of budding and rosette formation, fertilizer complexes with a predominance of potassium and phosphorus are required. Subsequent feeding is carried out with fertilizers for violets with an equal ratio of micro- and macroelements.

Reproduction

For garden large-flowered violet feeds, propagation or reproduction of new planting material is carried out by seeds, cuttings or dividing the bush. Propagation of indoor violet (Saintpaulia) is mainly carried out by leaf cuttings, rooting them in water or substrate, followed by planting the children.

There are varieties that reproduce very well, but there are also those that you need to tinker with, ensuring quality with quantity and creating the necessary conditions. But, basically, large-flowered species are propagated in the same way as ordinary, standard specimens.

Growing perennial species from seeds

Viola Wittrock, or as it is also called, garden viola, is a large order, divided into several types: one-color, two-color, spotted, etc. The varieties are quite winter-hardy, so they are planted and grown in open ground. But, in this case, flowering will not occur in the first year. Typically, gardeners grow seedlings to obtain flowering in the first year. The seeds are sown in February in a special substrate for sowing violets. The seeds are sown in shallow grooves, sprinkled and covered with glass or film. The container is transferred to a room with a temperature of about 15°C and a sufficient amount of light, without direct sunlight. After 1.5-2 weeks, high-quality seed material germinates. No special care is required at this stage; periodic watering is required to avoid drying out of the soil. You should also fertilize twice a month.

The first picking of seedlings is done at the stage of two leaves, the second after 2-3 weeks. But, even without a second picking, seedlings can be planted in open ground, thanks to the good survival rate of the viola.

What to do to prevent flowers from becoming smaller?

Like any plant, violation of care requirements or failure to create the necessary conditions leads to the loss of some qualities. The main reasons for crushing flowers:

• first flowering;
• overfeeding with fertilizers;
• heat;
• insufficient humidity in the room;
• soil quality.

The Tale of the Violetpresentation on the world around us

Slide 1

ECOLOGICAL TALE FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN THE TALE ABOUT THE VIOLET PREPARED BY: TEACHER OF THE HIGHEST QUALIFICATION CATEGORY ZHAAK MARINA GENNADIEVNA 2022 STATE BUDGET PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION KINDERGARTEN No. 16 KOLPINSKY DISTRICT OF ST. PETERSBURG

Slide 2

There is commotion in the house, trouble in the house. The violet is sick! Violet is sick! The one given to my mother for her birthday. She stood in her beautiful vase all day. And everyone admired and rejoiced at this beautiful flower. This happened during the day, and in the evening the violet fell ill. Don't believe that flowers can get sick? Unfortunately they can.

Slide 3

In the evening, when everyone sat down at the table, the violet stood in the center of the table, then gathered its delicate petals into a ball and sneezed. Everyone thought it was their imagination, but she sneezed again. Then everyone fell silent and looked at the violet, all its petals dropped.

Slide 4

“The temperature probably rose,” said the grandmother. “It’s the flu.” “It’s blown,” said dad.

Slide 5

And mom cried. Then the little son confidently said: “We’ll cure you!”

Slide 6

There was also a dog. She didn't say anything. She just looked carefully at the flower and seemed to be thinking about something.

Slide 7

The whole family began to think about how to cure the violet. But they couldn’t come up with anything and went to bed.

Slide 8

And the dog came up to the flower at night and spoke to it. “Dear violet,” asked the dog, “Why are you sick, maybe I can help you? “Oh, a dog,” answered the violet. - “Don’t you know why flowers get sick? After all, everyone lives and enjoys each other, their loved ones and pets. And they gave me a gift and put it on the table like a decoration. But flowers also live to be rejoiced and admired. If our beauty does not bring joy to anyone, we make the flowers sick.”

Slide 9

“Yes,” thought the dog. - “This is a serious disease. But I can help you. You need to take a few bright rays of the sun, say the magic words: “Flowers, we all love you very much and admire you very much!”, and lower these rays into the water that is watered on you. You will certainly be better in the morning." The dog really wanted to help the flower.

Slide 10

Very early in the morning she went out onto the balcony and caught a few rays of sunshine.

Slide 11

For some time she barked on the balcony, saying magic words, added these rays to the water for the flowers and watered the violet...

Slide 12

Grandma was the first to wake up from the dog's barking; she went up to the flower and saw that its petals had risen. Then the grandmother woke up mom, dad and boy. And they all realized that the flower had recovered. And they were very happy and admired how handsome he had become.

Slide 13

The whole family wondered for a long time what helped the flower recover... But in the end they decided that it didn’t matter, the main thing was that the flower was healthy. But the flower didn't think so. He really wanted to know what cured him. A magic medicine?.. Or?... Or maybe that the dog really wanted to help the violet?... What do you guys think?

Slide 14

Link to material: https://nsportal.ru/sites/default/files/2015/09/28/skazka_pro_fialku.docx

Difficulties of care

Why do the buds begin to shrink?

The reasons for grinding are described above, but the grinding of buds in large-flowered species occurs mainly due to high temperature, dry air in the room, adequate nutrition, and the work of the root system. The root system is unable to provide nutrition to the entire plant due to heavy soil

How does a lack or excess of substances affect the outlet?

Large, strong show plants need balance - lighting and nutrition. The food should be appropriate to the size of the pot. A large crown requires an appropriate volume of roots. At the same time, overfeeding causes increased crown growth and a “clumsy” rosette. Therefore, nutrition should be balanced, introduced “for health”, without excesses. Insufficient nutrition leads to delays in growth, development, and lack of flowering.