Chilean quellyon (Geum quellyon) is a herbaceous perennial from the Rosaceae family. Its other name is Greek rose. The birthplace of the flowering plant is Chile, South America. Thanks to its lush greenery, lush buds and long flowering period, it is popular with gardeners from all over the world. Planting and caring for Chilean gravilat is not particularly difficult. If you follow simple rules of agricultural technology, the plant feels great in a temperate climate.
Comment! In addition to its decorative qualities, Geum quellyon has healing properties. Since ancient times, it has been used by healers in Chile to treat inflammation and tumors.
General description of the species
Chilean gravilate is a magnificent garden flower with lush buds, serving as a genuine decoration for landscaped areas. The perennial belongs to medium-sized plants, reaches a height of 40 to 60 cm. The leaves are large, round-toothed, emerald green or grayish-swampy in color. Velvety-pubescent above and below. They are located in a rosette at the very roots, on short cuttings.
The root is powerful, creeping, slightly branched. A long straight stem rises from it, pubescent with a short soft thief, tetrahedral. Slightly branching, with small serrated leaves at the base of the shoots. The color can be green, reddish-brown, burgundy. At the ends, flower buds are formed, collected into inflorescences, a panicle or an umbrella of 3-5 pieces.
The flowers of Chilean gravilata are large, up to 3-4 cm in diameter. Depending on the variety, they can be ordinary, with five petals, or lush, terry. The shape resembles a wild rose hip. They have bright scarlet, burgundy, crimson, yellow, orange, soft cream or pink color. Petals with a figured-wavy outer edge, with stamens of a yellowish-greenish color. It begins to bloom at the end of June and continues for 50-60 days. Some species delight with lush flowering throughout the summer. The fruit is a nut with hooks.
Plant classification
The main ranks of vegetation taxa are classified based on the principles of hierarchy, that is, subordination. Thus, larger taxa combine smaller ones.
An example of such a classification is the famous chamomile plant. The formulation of this taxon will be as follows:
- Kingdom of Plants.
- Department Angiosperms.
- Class Dicotyledons.
- Family Asteraceae.
- Genus Chamomile.
- Type of Chamomile.
Definition
The life form of an organism is an external appearance that reflects its adaptability to certain environmental conditions.
Botany has adopted a standard classification of vegetation based on their life form. The main groups are:
- Trees are perennial plants characterized by large lignified trunks.
- Shrubs, which include perennial plant species with numerous medium-sized lignified trunks that can live no more than 10 years.
- Shrubs in the form of low-growing perennial plants, the lignified trunks of which reach a height of no more than 40 centimeters.
- Grasses are green grassy shoots that die back every year. Biennial and perennial herbaceous plants produce buds in the spring, from which new shoots then appear.
Popular varieties
Since 1824, when the Chilean grasshopper began to be cultivated, several dozen ornamental varieties have been bred. They all have their own characteristics and also have an incredibly attractive appearance. Gardeners can only choose the most suitable plants for their site and climate zone.
Important! Chilean gravilate is an excellent honey plant.
Gravilate Fireball
Gravilat Chilean Fireball is a medium-sized species, with a height of 50 to 60 cm. The flowers are bright red, lush, double. The diameter is 3-4 cm. The leaves are collected in a rosette near the ground, and the stem branches strongly, producing many flower stalks. The variety tolerates partial shade and short-term summer droughts well, and is winter-hardy.
Spectacular flowering of Chilean gravilata "Fireball" lasts more than 50 days
Chilean gravilat Moon Valley
Amazingly beautiful view with bright lemon or golden petals. Double or semi-double flowers have a diameter of 3-4 cm. Loves sunny places and regular watering. Pairs perfectly with red carnations and blue bells.
Gravilat "Moon Valley" has a straight stem up to 60 cm high and feathery, lyre-shaped leaves
Chilean Gravilat Lady Stratheden
The plant of the Lady Stratheden variety is 50-60 cm in height, flowering time is June-August. The variety is distinguished by its golden-lemon color of the petals. The flowers are large, from 3 to 4 cm in diameter, lush. It is unpretentious in care, while the flowering is bright and friendly.
The Lady Stratheden variety loves mineral-rich soils
Chilean Gravilat Gold Ball
The stems of the perennial Gold Ball reach a height of 60 cm. Bright yellow, elegantly sunny flowers delight with their appearance from May to August. The odd-pinnate leaves are concentrated in the basal part of the stem and have a rich green color. Frost-resistant variety, perfectly withstands harsh winters in the northern and mountainous regions.
"Goldball" is one of the most preferred hybrids for the Russian climate
Chilean gravilate Mrs Bradshaw
Gravilat Chilean Mrs j Bradshaw is distinguished by large, double flowers of a rich, scarlet-orange, almost scarlet color. Their diameter reaches 4 cm. The flowering period is July-August. Gravilat Chilean Mrs. Bradshaw is a winter-hardy variety that does not require shelter for the winter and tolerates low temperatures well.
The Mrs. Bradshaw variety is one of the tallest, reaching 80 cm
Chilean Gravilat Blazing Sunset
A spectacular, profusely flowering species of Blazing Sunset with bright red, white or crimson lush inflorescences. The height of the plant is 60 cm, the diameter of the flowers is 3 cm. The flowering period is from June to August. Winters well without additional shelter. Responds gratefully to fertilizing with wood ash.
The variety can grow both in open sunny places and in partial shade.
Chilean gravilate Rigoletto
Rigoletto bushes are medium-sized, growing up to 60 cm. The variety is distinguished by large, bright red terry buds. The petals are rounded-wavy, the core is dark or green-brown, with rich yellow stamens.
Chilean gravilate "Rigoletto" is one of the most popular varieties
Chilean Gravilat Mai Tai
The Geum hybride Mai Tai variety is medium-sized, from 40 to 50 cm. It has openwork carved malachite leaves. Single flowers are lush, double, pink-cream or orange.
Gravilat "Mai Tai" looks great next to other flowering plants, vines, mosses
Aurelia
Aurelia is a very beautiful variety with large double buds of a golden hue. Bushes up to 60 cm high, straight or slightly bent under the weight of the inflorescences. Flowering begins in June.
Amazingly beautiful, sunny flowers give a great mood throughout most of the summer
Gravilat: the business card of your flowerbed
These multi-colored decorative balls (usually scarlet, orange and yellow) will delight the eye throughout the entire flowering period. Chilean gravilat, planting and caring for which is quite simple, belongs to this group. This explains their shape - decorative, terry balls. They are known to be unpretentious, and you can admire them for more than one season. Gravilat is no exception to this group. Growing this flower from seeds allows you to decorate your own plot for several years without making much effort. Gravilat loves the company of its own kind, especially bluebells and carnations.
Application in landscape design
Chilean gravilate is widely used to decorate home areas, organize flower beds in city parks, along roads and in squares. The perennial looks great in rockeries. It is planted on alpine slides, ridges and mixborders. One of the most successful options for flowering plantings in alleys, front gardens and green lawns. They are framed by natural and artificial reservoirs - ponds, streams, rivers, pools.
The flower is beautiful in individual compositions. With the proper selection of several varieties, you can organize continuous flowering from May to September. The most successful combinations are with carnations, bells, phlox, and peonies. Chilean gravilate is beautiful in landscape design, as can be seen in the photo.
Chilean Gravilat goes well with most ornamental plants
Methods of using urban gravilate
The rhizomes contain tannins, bitter and coloring substances, starch, resins, as well as essential oils (up to 0.19%), which have tonic properties and are used in distillery and brewing production, as well as as a spice.
In Moldova, gravilate rhizomes are used to flavor grape wines. The leaves contain carotene and vitamin C, which makes them suitable for salads.
Another way to use the urban gravilate root, which has a subtle clove aroma, is as a spice. To do this, it is dug up in early spring, long before the plant blooms - then the aroma is most persistent. “Clove water” was extracted from the root; They put it in kvass, homemade beer, so that it would not sour longer.
Essential oil is used in the perfumery and cosmetics industry. Since ancient times, urban gravilate has been used as a medicinal plant for gastrointestinal diseases, as a hemostatic, sedative and tonic. In modern medicine it is used as a hemostatic, tonic, analgesic, and potency enhancing agent. The water-alcohol extract has diuretic properties, the extract of the aerial part has anticoagulant and antibacterial properties, and the flowers have antiviral activity.
Its aerial part is used for coloring green. Insecticide. A good honey plant. Feed for horses.
According to an ancient belief, city gravilat has the property of attracting all the nasty things to itself. That’s why it has a strong smell, to kill the evil spirits that cling to it. If there is gravilate, then it will remove all the toxins, all the dirt that people are always grabbing in their current life.
Features of reproduction
Chilean gravilate can be propagated by seeds, which are collected in the fall, when they are finally ripe. They can be planted in spring or late summer.
The second method is to divide the bush, but no more than four times a season. Overgrown bushes should be carefully dug up and the rosettes with part of the roots should be separated. All parts must be planted immediately in a permanent place, maintaining distance.
Advice! Until the bushes take root, it is better to water them daily in dry weather without flooding the plants.
Propagation of gravilat by seeds and dividing the bush
Dividing the bush
Division is carried out in the spring after the snow melts before flowering begins or in the fall, after it ends. The bush is dug up and divided into parts with a piece of rhizome, a rosette of leaves and a bud. The cuttings are immediately planted in the holes prepared for planting. Autumn planting is carried out so that the plants have time to take root and strengthen before the onset of winter. Divide the bushes once every 3-4 years; if you do this more often, they will not be as lush and there will be fewer flowers. At the same time, division is an important method of rejuvenation. If the gravilata bush has grown very large and there are fewer flowers, this is a sign to the gardener that it is time to divide it.
Seed propagation
Gravilat seeds will be viable for several years. Having fallen to the ground, the fastest of them will germinate immediately in the fall, most of them in the spring, the remaining ones will germinate in subsequent years. Under room conditions, when sowing seedlings, seeds are stratified to improve germination, simulating natural conditions.
In March - early April, the seeds are sown in a container filled with nutritious soil (humus or peat mixed with sand). The soil is watered, the seeds are laid out and lightly covered with sand or earth, with a layer of 1 cm. The container is covered with glass or placed in a plastic bag and placed on a window (in the light, the germination of gravilate seeds increases). Keep the sowing at room temperature for 4 – 5 days to allow the seeds to swell. Then they place it in the refrigerator for 3 days (for seeds it’s winter) and again in the room on the window - it’s already spring! Shoots will appear in 3–4 weeks, although the “first swallows” may appear on the 11th–12th day. Monitor the soil moisture in the container and ventilate it to prevent mold from appearing.
After germination, the film or glass is removed. When two true leaves appear, the seedlings are planted into separate cups. When stable heat sets in, the grown seedlings are planted directly in a flowerbed or in a “school”. It's good if the place is a little shaded. The gravilate is transferred to a permanent place when it reaches a decorative appearance. Replant with a clod of earth and water abundantly.
If the gardener is limited in time, to avoid hassle with seedlings, sow the seeds directly into the ground in the fall. Shoots will appear in the spring. If they are not thickened, leave them in the garden; if they are thick, spread them wider or thin them out. In the fall or next spring, it will be possible to plant the “teenagers” in a permanent place. The beauties will bloom next summer.
Growing Chilean Gravilata seedlings
Growing all types of gravilate, including “Fireball”, from seeds has its own specifics. Sown in March, in the southern regions - in February. They should first be kept at a temperature of 2-5 degrees and soaked, thus increasing the percentage of germination. A solution of Epin or another biostimulant is perfect for soaking.
Nutritious light soil with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction (can be purchased ready-made at a specialty store or prepared from turf soil, peat, sand and humus with the addition of wood ash) placed in boxes. Draw furrows or make depressions of 2-3 cm, lay out the swollen seeds. Sprinkle with soil, cover with glass or film. Watering should be done as needed. When three true leaves appear, plant the seedlings in separate pots.
If the area where you plan to plant the Chilean Gravilat is low, then the beds must be raised by at least 0.5 m, and good drainage must be ensured. The perennial does not like stagnant water and swampy, heavy clay soils.
Fertilizers, watering and fertilizing
Stagnation of water can lead to rotting of the roots, so you should not overwater the plant: in normal weather, once a week is enough. In hot, dry weather, you can water 2-3 times a week.
Among the fertilizers for gravilat, organic ones are well suited, as well as complex ones intended for ornamental flowering plants, especially potassium-phosphorus ones. It doesn’t need frequent feeding - it’s enough to pamper it with fertilizers three times a year: at the beginning of the growing season, after flowering and in winter, at the end of September adding a little humus or compost to the loosened soil at the roots of the plant.
The plant does not like the bay
Planting and caring for Chilean gravel in open ground
Chilean gravilate is an unpretentious plant. It does not require the owners of the plot to have special skills or careful attention to each bush. This is why the perennial is so loved by gardeners. By following the rules of planting and care, you can achieve an impressive result in one season. Planting on the site and caring for the Fireball gravitational plant is not so difficult.
The combination of wild stone, bright scarlet Chilean gravilate and soft blue anagallis is mesmerizing to look at.
Landing dates and rules
Chilean gravilat seeds are sown in the ground in early spring, as soon as the soil warms up a little. The bed prepared in the fall is additionally leveled and loosened, you can add ash or slaked lime, well-rotted humus. Then you need to moisten the soil and make furrows at a distance of 15-25 cm from each other. Plant the seeds and level the surface. Watering is done as needed. As soon as the seedlings appear, they are thinned out, leaving the strongest specimens.
Seedlings are planted in a permanent location in May, as soon as the threat of frost has passed. 2 weeks before planting, the plants must be taken outside and hardened off. Deep enough holes are made in the soil to allow a ball of earth to be placed. It is better if the plants are planted in individual peat cups - this way they will take root more successfully. Chilean Gravilat in a flowerbed looks amazing not only in the photo.
A bright, elegant carpet of lush buds - this is exactly what a plot with Chilean gravilata looks like
Watering and fertilizing schedule
Before planting seedlings or seeds, fertilizers should be added to the soil:
- vermicompost, humus, compost, peat, wood ash;
- mineral complexes sold in the store, in accordance with the specified standards.
In the future, once a year, plantings can be fed with infusion of ash, diluted manure or universal fertilizer. If the soil is depleted, then fertilizing is done twice - at the beginning of the growing season and during flowering.
Watering should be moderate, except during the summer drought. Adult bushes should be watered 1-2 times a week.
Advice! Chilean Gravilat grows well in one place for 5 years, so there is no need for transplants.
Loosening
After watering, the Chilean gravel must be loosened, simultaneously removing weeds and perennial roots. Then add mulch - sawdust, chopped bark, chopped straw or peat.
Trimming
In order for the Chilean gravilate to delight you with its beautiful flowers for as long as possible, the faded buds must be removed immediately. Cut off withered leaves and dead sections of stems.
Wintering
Typically, Chilean gravilat does not need special preparation for winter. It is quite resistant to frost, and in the presence of high snow cover, it perfectly tolerates the most severe cold. Terry, highly decorative varieties can be closed for the winter; shelter is also required in the absence of snow. Dry fallen leaves, chopped straw, and spruce branches will do.
Important! Chilean Gravilat seeds can be sown in October, when persistently cold weather sets in. This planting method is preferable because the seed undergoes natural stratification and germinates more uniformly.
Gravilat planting
To plant perennials, you need to choose sunny places with well-drained, low-acid soil. When preparing the soil for planting this perennial, it is recommended to dig up the soil, adding sand (to ensure drainage) and wood ash (to reduce acidity levels). If the soil is waterlogged, you can plant river gravel in it or carry out drainage work and raise the beds a little. It is recommended to plant gravilat at a distance of 15-20 cm bush from bush.
Plant gravilat there; its roots will not be located close to groundwater. Attention: gravilat does not grow on acidic soils.
Diseases and pests
Chilean Gravilate is resistant to most diseases of garden flowers. But improper care of plants can provoke the development of diseases. Excessive watering, rainy summers, waterlogged soils and dense plantings negatively affect the health of the bushes. If root rot occurs, the affected specimens must be uprooted, and the remaining ones must be urgently treated with fungicides.
During drought, if watering is infrequent, the perennial may be affected by spider mites. It is necessary to treat with any specialized insecticide and provide moisture.
